The bill terminates several Inflation Reduction Act tax credits:
terminates the $7,500 tax credits, known as 30D credits, for purchasing electric vehicles
terminates the Previously-Owned Clean Vehicle tax credits
terminates the tax credit for businesses purchasing or leasing certain EVs (Qualified Commercial Clean Vehicles)
terminates the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property tax credit
terminates the Energy Efficient Home Improvement tax credit
terminates the New Energy Efficient Home tax credit
phases out Zero-Emission Nuclear Power Production tax credit
terminates the Clean Hydrogen Production 45V tax credit
Part I:
Part II:
Part III:
The bill released would add $5 trillion to primary deficits through 2034 as written, and over $5.5 trillion to primary deficits if made permanent.
The draft would not only extend but also expand most parts of the TCJA. For example, extensions of tax rate cuts would be coupled with a further increase in most bracket thresholds – effectively undoing the original TCJA’s savings from indexing the tax code to the chained CPI. The estate tax exemption would also be increased from roughly $14 million to $15 million. And the 20 percent 199A pass-through deduction would be increased to 22 percent and expanded in other ways.
At the same time, the draft would temporarily boost the standard deduction by an additional $1,000 to $2,000 for four years and boost the Child Tax Credit by an additional $500 (from $2,000 to $2,500). We estimate these expansions will add about $300 billion to the deficit impact of extension as written but roughly $700 billion if made permanent.
The bill terminates several Inflation Reduction Act tax credits:
terminates the $7,500 tax credits, known as 30D credits, for purchasing electric vehicles
terminates the Previously-Owned Clean Vehicle tax credits
terminates the tax credit for businesses purchasing or leasing certain EVs (Qualified Commercial Clean Vehicles)
terminates the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property tax credit
terminates the Energy Efficient Home Improvement tax credit
terminates the New Energy Efficient Home tax credit
phases out Zero-Emission Nuclear Power Production tax credit
terminates the Clean Hydrogen Production 45V tax credit
The bill released would add $5 trillion to primary deficits through 2034 as written, and over $5.5 trillion to primary deficits if made permanent.
The draft would not only extend but also expand most parts of the TCJA. For example, extensions of tax rate cuts would be coupled with a further increase in most bracket thresholds – effectively undoing the original TCJA’s savings from indexing the tax code to the chained CPI. The estate tax exemption would also be increased from roughly $14 million to $15 million. And the 20 percent 199A pass-through deduction would be increased to 22 percent and expanded in other ways.
At the same time, the draft would temporarily boost the standard deduction by an additional $1,000 to $2,000 for four years and boost the Child Tax Credit by an additional $500 (from $2,000 to $2,500). We estimate these expansions will add about $300 billion to the deficit impact of extension as written but roughly $700 billion if made permanent.
Section 41001. Rescissions relating to certain Inflation Reduction Act programs.
This section would rescind the unobligated balance of any amounts made under the
following sections of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA).
State-Based Energy Efficiency Training Grants – This would rescind the unobligated
balance of any remaining amounts made under section 50123 of the Inflation Reduction
Act, the State-Based Energy Efficiency Training Grants. This program was intended to
provide training assistance and education for the implementation of the IRA’s Home
Energy Whole-House Rebate Program (Sec. 50121) or the High-Efficiency Electric
Home Rebate Program (Sec. 50122) for additional home energy efficiency upgrades and
retrofits.
Funding for Department of Energy Loan Program Office – This would rescind the
unobligated balance of any amounts made under section 50141 of the Inflation Reduction
Act, Funding for Department of Energy Loan Program Office. This provided funding to
cover the cost of credit subsidies associated with loan guarantees made under Section
1703 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which authorized loans for unproven
technologies.
Advanced Technology Vehicle Manufacturing – This would rescind the unobligated
balance of any amounts made under section 50142 of the Inflation Reduction Act,
Advanced Technology Vehicle Manufacturing. This funding covered the cost of credit
subsidies to provide loans for vehicle and vehicle supply chain manufacturing facilities.
Energy Infrastructure Reinvestment Financing – This would rescind the unobligated
the balance of any amounts made under section 50144 of the Inflation Reduction Act,
Energy Infrastructure Reinvestment Financing. The IRA established this program to
provide funds to cover the cost of loan guarantees under another new loan program
known as the Energy Infrastructure Reinvestment Financing program. Unlike projects in
the traditional Department of Energy (DOE) loan programs focused on new, innovative
technologies, this program authorized loans for retooling, repowering, or replacing
energy infrastructure that has ceased operations.
Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program – This would rescind the unobligated balance
of any amounts that were supposed to be made available under section 50145 of the IRA
for the Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program. These funds covered credit subsidies
under the Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program, which the Energy Policy Act of 1992
authorized.
Transmission Facility Financing – This would rescind the unobligated balance of any
amounts made under section 50151 of the Inflation Reduction Act, Transmission Facility
Financing. This program was intended to pay direct loans to non-federal borrowers for
transmission facilities designated under Section 216(a) of the Federal Power Act, in a
National Interest Electric Transmission Corridor (NIETC). While a small number of
NIETCs were designated, no loans were awarded from this program.
Grants to Facilitate the Siting of Interstate Electricity Transmission Lines – This
would rescind the unobligated balance of any amounts made under section 50152 of the
Inflation Reduction Act, Grants to Facilitate the Siting of Interstate Electricity
Transmission Lines. This program provides grants to transmission siting authorities
(state, local and tribal governments) to facilitate siting and permitting for certain
interstate and offshore electricity transmission lines.
Interregional and Offshore Wind Electricity Transmission Planning, Modeling, and
Analysis – This would rescind the unobligated balance of any amounts made under
section 50153 of the Inflation Reduction Act, Interregional and Offshore Wind Electricity
Transmission Planning, Modeling, and Analysis. The program intended to cover
expenses associated with interregional and offshore wind electricity transmission
planning, modeling, and analysis.
Advanced Industrial Facilities Deployment Program – This would rescind the
unobligated balance of any amounts made under section 50161 of the Inflation Reduction
Act, Advanced Industrial Facilities Deployment Program. This program was meant to
provide financial assistance—grants, direct loans, rebates, or cooperative agreements—to
industrial or manufacturing facilities to subsidize technology installations with the stated
intent of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Section 41002. FERC certificates and fees for certain energy infrastructure at international
boundaries of the United States.
Notwithstanding any requirements or statutory obligations under federal and state law,
including siting, environmental and safety reviews, and permitting, Section 41002 requires an
application for a certificate of crossing for cross-border energy infrastructure to include a
$50,000 payment, and directs the Federal Electricity Regulatory Commission to issue the
certificate. No person may construct, connect, operate, or maintain a cross-border segment for
the import or export of designated energy products, or the transmission of electricity, without
first obtaining the certificate of crossing. This fee structure does not apply to cross-border
segments that were previously approved by a Presidential permit.
Section 41003. Natural gas exports and imports.
Under Section 41003, applications to the Secretary of Energy to export natural gas from
the United States to a non-free trade agreement country shall include a $1,000,000 user fee paid
by the applicant. Upon receipt of the application and collection of the fee, the Secretary of
Energy shall deem the application in the public interest. This Section does not alter or impact the
applicant’s existing obligations and requirements under the Natural Gas Act or the Federal
Energy Regulatory Commission’s authorities.
Section 41004. Funding for Department of Energy loan guarantee expenses.
Section 41004 appropriates $5,000,000 to the Department of Energy to remain available
for 5 years to carry out section 116 of the Alaska Natural Gas Pipeline Act (15 U.S.C. 720n).
Section 41005. Natural Gas Act expedited permitting.
Section 41005 allows applicants for an authorization under Section 3, or a certificate of
public convenience and necessity under section 7 of the Natural Gas Act, to participate
voluntarily in an expedited permitting process upon the payment of $10,000,000 or one percent
of the project’s projected capital cost.
Within one year of payment of the fee, each Federal, State, interstate, or Tribal agency
with relevant authorities shall review and approve Federal authorizations, subject to any
conditions determined necessary to comply with the underlying statute by the agency. For States,
this includes their authorities to impose conditions for any certifying authorities delegated to
States by federal law. Following such approval, the Federal Electricity Regulatory Commission
(FERC) shall review the application and approve the application subject to any conditions
determined necessary by FERC.
The Commission may extend this timeline by a period of 6 months if granted consent by
the applicant. Should the authorization not be approved under the applicable deadline, it shall be
deemed approved, notwithstanding any procedural requirements of the underlying law.
No court shall have jurisdiction to review a claim under this section except for a claim
brought by the applicant or a person who has suffered, or likely and imminently will suffer,
direct and irreparable economic harm from the approval. An organization may only bring a claim
on behalf of one or more of its members if each member of the organization or association has
suffered, or likely and imminently will suffer, harm. Courts shall apply clear and convincing
evidence as the standard of review for such claims. The United States Court of Appeals for the
D.C. Circuit shall have original and exclusive jurisdiction over any claim alleging the invalidity
of the process or that the federal authorization is beyond the scope of authority granted by the
federal law to such agency.
Section 41006. Carbon dioxide, oil, and hydrogen pipeline permitting.
Pursuant to Section 41006, applicants for carbon dioxide, oil, or hydrogen pipeline
projects, as defined by section 60102(i) of title 49 of the U.S. Code, may apply for a license
authorizing the project to be considered in the same manner, and in accordance with the
requirements of, an application for a certificate of public convenience and necessity under
section 7 of the Natural Gas Act, including a fee of $10,000,000.
Section 41007. De-Risking Compensation Program for qualified energy projects.
Section 41007 would appropriate $10 million, to remain available through September 30,
2034, for administrative costs for the Secretary of Energy to establish a De-Risking
Compensation Program at the Department of Energy. The program would provide compensation
to sponsors of federally permitted energy projects that enroll in the program for unrecoverable
capital losses caused by subsequent federal actions that revoke permits or approvals, or cancel,
delay, or render the project unviable. The program would be available to applicants who invest in
energy projects relating to coal, critical minerals, oil, natural gas, or nuclear energy and are
valued at no less than $30 million. The sponsors would pay 5 percent of their projected share of
capital contribution to the project and an annual premium into a Treasury Department fund.
Upon demonstration of unrecoverable losses due to subsequent federal actions that caused the
losses, the Secretary of Energy would compensate the project sponsor for up to the full amount
of the loss from the available funds.
Section 41008. Strategic Petroleum Reserve.
Section 41008 appropriates $2,000,000,000 to the Department of Energy for fiscal year
2025 for activities related to the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Of this amount, $218,000,000 is
appropriated for repairs to the caverns, and $1,321,000,000 is appropriated for the acquisition of
petroleum products for storage in the Strategic Petroleum Reserves. The remaining funding is
appropriated to the Department of Energy to buy back the sales mandates by Section 20003 of
Public Law 115-97.
SUBTITLE B—ENVIRONMENT
PART 1—REPEALS AND RECISSIONS
Section 42101. Repeal and recission relating to clean heavy-duty vehicles.
This section repeals section 132 of the Clean Air Act and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under section 132. This portion of the IRA established a program to grant
awards for purchasing electric vehicles.
Section 42102. Repeal and recission relating to grants to reduce air pollution at ports.
This section repeals section 133 of the Clean Air Act and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA created a competitive grant
and rebate program for the purchase of zero-emission port equipment or technology.
Section 41009. Rescissions of previously appropriated unobligated funds.
Section 41009 would rescind the previously appropriated unobligated balances from the
base appropriations for the following programs; Office of Inspector General, Office of Clean
Energy Demonstrations, Office for Human Capital, Federal Energy Management Programs, State
and Community Energy Programs, Office of Minority Economic Impact, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of General Counsel, Office of Indian Energy Policy
and Programs, Office of Management, Office of the Secretary, Office of Public Affairs, and the
Office of Policy at the Department of Energy. These rescissions do not include funds
appropriated under the Inflation Reduction Act, Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, and any
funds from emergency appropriations. Amounts rescinded in this section do not include current,
FY 2025, base year appropriations.
Section 42103. Repeal and recission relating to grants to the Greenhouse Gas Reduction
Fund.
This section repeals section 134 of the Clean Air Act and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA appropriated funds to the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish grant programs commonly referred to as
“Green Banks.”
Section 42104. Repeal and recission relating to diesel emissions reductions.
This section repeals section 60104 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This portion of the IRA appropriated additional funds
to the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act for use only in certain communities.
Section 42105. Repeal and recission relating to funding to address air pollution.
This section repeals section 60105 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This provision appropriated additional funds for air
monitoring.
Section 42106. Repeal and recission relating to funding to address air pollution at schools.
This section repeals section 60106 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA provides grants for
monitoring and reducing air pollution in schools, technical assistance, and design, construction
and renovation standards for school buildings.
Section 42107. Repeal and recission relating to low emissions electricity program.
This section repeals section 135 of the Clean Air Act and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This portion of the IRA appropriated money for
consumer related education, technical assistance, industry related outreach, intergovernmental
outreach related to the reduction of emissions from domestic electrical generation.
Section 42108. Repeal and recission relating to funding for Section 211(o) of the Clean Air
Act.
This section repeals section 60108 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This provision of the IRA does not fund the EPA’s
administration of the program. Rather, the funding is for data collection of greenhouse gas
emissions and testing the environmental impact of biofuels.
Section 42109. Repeal and recission relating to funding for implementation of the
American Innovation and Manufacturing Act.
This section repeals section 60109 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA does not amend or alter the
American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act, it merely provides funds to assist with AIM
Act implementation and compliance.
Section 42110. Repeal and recission relating to funding for enforcement technology and
public information.
This section repeals section 60110 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This provision of the IRA provides funding to update
software used by EPA and states to track environmental compliance actions.
Section 42111. Repeal and recission relating to greenhouse gas corporate reporting.
This section repeals section 60111 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This provision of the IRA provided funding for
enhanced standardization and transparency for corporate climate action commitments.
Section 42112. Repeal and recission relating to environmental product declaration
assistance.
This section repeals section 60112 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA provided funding to create
environmental product declarations advertising the environmental impact of products.
Section 42113. Repeal of funding for Methane Emissions and Waste Reduction Incentive
Program for petroleum and natural gas systems.
This section repeals subsections (a) and (b) of section 136 of the Clean Air Act and
rescinds any unobligated balance made available under that section. These repeals and
amendments extend by 10 years the date by which the charge associated with the Methane
Emissions Reduction Program shall begin to be imposed and collected.
Section 42114. Repeal and recission relating to greenhouse gas air pollution plans and
implementation grants.
This section repeals section 137 of the Clean Air Act and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA establishes a fund for
states, local governments and Tribes to use for “Climate Change Action Plans” and
environmental justice initiatives.
Section 42115. Repeal and recission relating to Environmental Protection Agency efficient,
accurate, and timely reviews.
This section repeals section 60115 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA funds the hiring and training
new staff and conflict with EPA’s initiatives to create a more effective and efficient workforce,
along with President Trump’s executive orders to reduce government spending and waste. The
funding does not address the root causes of permitting delays and conflicts with EPA’s current
directives.
Section 42116. Repeal and recission relating to low-embodied carbon labeling for
construction materials.
This section repeals section 60116 of Public Law 117-169 and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This provision of the IRA provided funding to
administer a program that would identify and label construction materials and products with low
greenhouse gas emissions life cycles.
Section 42117. Repeal and recission relating to environmental and climate justice block
grants.
This section repeals section 138 of the Clean Air Act and rescinds any unobligated
balance made available under that section. This section of the IRA funds programs designated as
environmental justice programs.
PART 2—REPEAL OF EPA RULE RELATING TO
MULTI-POLLUTANT EMISSION STANDARDS
Section 42201. Repeal of EPA rule relating to multi-pollutant emissions standards.
This section repeals the final rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency relating
to “Multi-Pollutant Emissions Standards for Model Years 2027 and Later Light-Duty and
Medium-Duty Vehicles.”
PART 3—REPEAL OF NHTSA RULE RELATING TO CAFE STANDARDS
Section 42301. Repeal of NHTSA rule relating to CAFE standards for passenger cars and
light trucks.
This section repeals the final rule issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration relating to “Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards for Passenger Cars and
Light Trucks for Model Years 2027 and Beyond and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Heavy-Duty
Pickup Trucks and Vans for Model Years 2030 and Beyond.”
SUBTITLE C—COMMUNICATIONS
PART 2—ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION
Section 43201. Artificial intelligence and information technology modernization initiative.
Subsection (a) would appropriate $500,000,000 to the Department of Commerce for
fiscal year 2025, to remain available through September 30, 2035, for the purpose of
modernizing and securing federal information technology systems through the deployment of
commercial artificial intelligence, automation technologies, and the replacement of antiquated
business systems.
Subsection (b) states that the Secretary of Commerce shall use these funds to support the
replacement and modernization of legacy business systems with state-of-the-art commercial
artificial intelligence systems and automated decision systems, the adoption of artificial
intelligence models that increase operational efficiency and service delivery, and improve the
cybersecurity posture of Federal information technology systems through modernized
architecture, automated threat detection, and integrated artificial intelligence solutions.
Subsection (c) states that no state or political subdivision may enforce any law or
regulation regulating artificial intelligence models, artificial intelligence systems, or automated
decision systems during the 10-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act.
David Fink, of New Hampshire, to be Administrator of the Federal Railroad Administration
David Fogel, of Connecticut, to be Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Director General of the United States and Foreign Commercial Service
Pierre Gentin, of New York, to be General Counsel of the Department of Commerce
Robert Gleason, of Pennsylvania, to be Director of the Amtrak Board of Directors
David Armstrong Fink is a former president of Pan Am Railways and son of the late David Andrew Fink, a career railroader who worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad and Penn Central before serving as president of Guilford Transportation, later rebranded as Pan Am Railways. The younger Fink began his career with General Motors in the 1980s, and became Pan Am Railways president in 2006 after serving as executive vice president in 1998. He remained president through Pan Am’s acquisition by CSX Transportation.
In the 96-year history of McKinsey & Company, Pierre Gentin is the first senior partner not to have served as a management consultant. Hired into the partnership in 2019, Gentin is McKinsey’s global general counsel (GC), and his legal résumé includes tours as a federal prosecutor in New York, as the global head of litigation for Credit Suisse, and as a partner at the Wall Street firm Cahill Gordon & Reindel.
David Fogel served as Co-Founder, President, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer of IndexIQ, an innovative indexing business and exchange-traded fund (ETF) issuer currently with over $4 billion in assets under management. In April 2015, New York Life, a Fortune 75 company, completed its acquisition of IndexIQ. Fogel began his career in 1997 as a corporate attorney at Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, focusing on mergers and acquisitions, securities, and private investment funds. In 1999, he co-founded SmartPortfolio.com, Inc., which became a leading email financial newsletter business with over 250,000 subscribers that was sold to TheStreet.com, Inc., a publicly-traded financial information company, in 2000. After the sale, Fogel joined TheStreet.com where he integrated his prior business and led new product development. In 2003, he helped launch Circle Peak Capital LLC, a private equity firm focused on investments in small-cap consumer product and financial services companies. In 2005, Fogel became Vice President at Groton Partners, a boutique merchant bank specializing in mergers and acquisitions and sophisticated private investments. In 2006, he left Groton Partners to start IndexIQ with two partners. In September 2020, Fogel was appointed by Trump Senior Advisor and Chief Business Development Officer in the Office of the Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment at the United States Department of State. Prior to the State Department, he was appointed as Chief of Staff, the number two position, at The Export-Import Bank of the United States (EXIM).
Rob Gleason was the chair of Pennsylvania’s Republican Party from 2006-2017. He was supposed to be part of an alternate slate of electors, as the former president attempted to overturn his loss to Joe Biden in 2020, but “refused to come to Harrisburg” to be a part of it. Gleason was one of the 19 electors for Trump in 2024 after his second successful campaign for the presidency.
Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
On Monday, May 12, 2025 at 2:00 p.m. (MDT) the House Committee on Natural Resources, Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources will hold an oversight hearing entitled “Letting Off Steam: Unleashing Geothermal Energy Development on Federal Land.” The hearing will examine the barriers to developing geothermal energy on federal lands. The hearing will also highlight the growth potential of geothermal energy as a result of developing technologies like enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and how this potential could help us meet rapidly growing domestic energy demand.
This hearing will be held in the Sterling R. Church Auditorium in the Sharwan Smith Student Center, at Southern Utah University, 351 W University Boulevard, in Cedar City, Utah.
Tim Latimer, Co-Founder and CEO, Fervo Energy, Houston, TX
• Paul Thomsen, Vice President of Business Development, Ormat Technologies, Inc., Reno, NV
• Jake Garfield, Deputy Director, Utah Office of Energy Development, Salt Lake City, UT
• Dr. Joseph Moore, Research Professor, Energy & Geoscience Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah [Minority Witness]
Kristi Noem, Secretary, Department of Homeland Security
"President Trump has been very clear since the beginning that he believes that FEMA and its response in many, many circumstances has failed the American people, and that FEMA, as it exists today, should be eliminated in empowering states to respond to disasters with federal government support."
Amounts for DHS in the 2026 Budget complement amounts that the Administration has requested as
part of the reconciliation bill currently under consideration in the Congress. Reconciliation would
allocate more than $175 billion in additional multiyear budget authority to implement the
Administration’s priorities in the homeland security space of which at least an estimated $43.8 billion
would be allocated in 2026. Reconciliation funding in 2026 would enable DHS to fully implement
the President’s mass removal campaign, finish construction of the border wall on the Southwest
border, procure advanced border security technology, modernize the fleet and facilities of the Coast
Guard, and enhance Secret Service protective operations. Reconciliation would also provide funding
to bolster State and local capacity to enhance security around key events and facilities, and prepare
for upcoming special events like the 2026 World Cup and 2028 Olympics.
Cuts, Reductions, and Consolidations
Program
$ Change
from 2025
Enacted
(in millions)
Description
Non-Disaster Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) Grant
Programs
-646
The Budget reduces FEMA grant programs. FEMA under the previous administration made equity a top priority for
emergency relief, which will end. The National Domestic Preparedness Consortium will be eliminated.
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure
Security Agency (CISA)
-491
The Budget refocuses CISA on Federal network defense and enhancing the
security and resilience of critical infrastructure. The Budget eliminates programs focused on misinformation and propaganda
as well as external engagement offices such as international affairs.
Shelter and Services Program
-650
The Budget proposes eliminating the Shelter and Services Program.